Everything about Pochvennichestvo totally explained
Pochvennichestvo - A.K.A. (
Return to the Soil) was a late
19th century Russian
nativist movement tied in closely with its contemporary ideology, the
Slavophile movement. Both were for the complete
emancipation of
serfdom, and both campaigns stressed a strong desire to return to the idealized past of Russia's history, and both were driven towards anti-
Europeanization. In addition, they also chose a complete rejection of the
Nihilist and
radical movements of the time. The primary focus was instead to change
Russian
society through the humbling of the self, and social reform through the
Russian Orthodox church, rather than the radical implementations of the
intelligentsia.
The major differences between the
Slavophiles and the
Pochvennichestvo were that the prior detested the reforms of
Peter the Great while the latter recognized the benefits of the notorious ruler, while still maintaining a strong
patriotic mentality for the
Russian people. Another major difference was that some of the movement's supporters adopted a strong
anti-semitic stance.
The concept had its roots in the works of the
German philosopher Johann Gottfried Herder which focused primarily on emphasizing the differences amongst people and regional cultures. In addition it rejected the
universalism of
the enlightenment period. The most prominent Russian intellectuals who founded this ideology were
Nikolay Strakhov,
Nikolay Danilevsky and
Konstantin Leontyev. The ideology was later adopted by
Alexander III and
Nicholas II.
Further Information
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